The principle of yarn production

1、 Remove impurities
Spinning is a science that studies the processing of textile short fibers into yarn. Yarn is generally made by twisting many short fibers of varying lengths, as well as by twisting long continuous monofilaments together. In the spinning process, the first step is to remove impurities, that is, to perform preliminary processing on the raw materials, also known as the preparation of spinning raw materials. The types of raw materials, impurities and their properties are different, and the processing methods and techniques are also different. The preliminary processing methods of raw materials mainly include physical methods (such as cotton rolling), chemical methods (such as hemp degumming, silk refining), and a combination of physical and chemical methods (such as wool washing and peat removal).
2、 Relaxation
To process fibers that are disorganized and tightly connected horizontally into smooth yarns with certain requirements, it is necessary to transform block fibers into single fibers, remove the horizontal connections of fiber raw materials, and establish a strong longitudinal connection between the ends. The former is called fiber loosening, while the latter is called fiber aggregation. The loosening of fibers is the complete removal of the transverse connections between fibers, but it is necessary to minimize fiber damage as much as possible. The collection of fibers is the process of re establishing orderly longitudinal connections between fibers that have undergone loosening processing. These connections are continuous and should ensure that the fiber distribution within the collection is uniform, while also possessing a certain linear density and strength. Fiber aggregates also require a certain amount of twist. The assembly process is not completed in one go, it requires multiple processing steps such as combing, stretching, and twisting to complete.
3、 Open it up
Open loosening is the process of tearing large fibers into small pieces or bundles of fibers. Generally speaking, the degumming of hemp is also a form of loosening. As the loosening process progresses, the connection between fibers and impurities weakens, allowing impurities to be removed and fibers to mix together. The loosening effect and removal of impurities are not completed in one go, but gradually achieved through reasonable configuration of tearing, striking, and segmentation.
4、 Sort out
The combing function is achieved by a large number of dense combing needles on the combing machine, which further loosens small pieces and bundles of fibers into a single state, thereby further improving the loosening of fibers. After combing, the lateral connections between fibers are basically eliminated, and the removal and mixing effects are more sufficient. But there are a large number of fibers that are bent and have hooks, and there is still a certain horizontal connection between each fiber. The earliest spinning machine
5、 Combed and combed
The combing function of a combing machine is to use a comb to perform more detailed combing on both ends of the fiber in a gripping state. Combing machine processing can eliminate short fibers and small impurities below a certain length, promoting fibers to be more parallel and straight. Chemical fibers are generally not processed by combing machines due to their neat length, low impurities, and good straight and parallel state.
6、 Stretching and stretching
The process of elongating and thinning the sorted strips to gradually reach the predetermined thickness is called stretching. This laid the foundation for firmly establishing a regular end-to-end connection between fibers. However, stretching can cause uneven short segments of the yarn, so it is necessary to configure a reasonable stretching device and process parameters.
7、 Twisting
Twisting is the process of twisting a whisker around its own axis, causing fibers parallel to the whisker axis to form a spiral shape, thereby generating radial pressure to fix the longitudinal connection between fibers.
8、 Winding up
The process of winding semi-finished or finished products into a certain form for storage, transportation, and processing in the next step is called winding. The winding process should be carried out continuously without affecting product output and quality. Efforts should be made to achieve continuous production between each process and minimize quality problems caused by the winding process. In short, the spinning process generally includes functions such as raw material preparation, loosening, combing, impurity removal, mixing, stretching, merging, twisting, and winding, some of which are achieved through multiple repetitions.